They were roughly similar to squirrels and tree shrews in size and appearance. The first primate-like mammals are referred to as proto-primates. In general, prosimians tend to be nocturnal (in contrast to diurnal anthropoids) and exhibit a smaller size and smaller brain than anthropoids. Anthropoids include monkeys, apes, and humans.
Prosimians include the bush babies of Africa, the lemurs of Madagascar, and the lorises, pottos, and tarsiers of Southeast Asia. Order Primates is divided into two groups: prosimians and anthropoids. Other characteristics of primates are brains that are larger than those of most other mammals, claws that have been modified into flattened nails, typically only one offspring per pregnancy, and a trend toward holding the body upright. These adaptations include, but are not limited to: 1) a rotating shoulder joint, 2) a big toe that is widely separated from the other toes and thumbs, which are widely separated from fingers (except humans), which allow for gripping branches, 3) stereoscopic vision, two overlapping fields of vision from the eyes, which allows for the perception of depth and gauging distance. This arboreal heritage of primates has resulted in hands and feet that are adapted for brachiation, or climbing and swinging through trees. * Characteristics of PrimatesĪll primate species possess adaptations for climbing trees, as they all descended from tree-dwellers. The characteristics and evolution of primates is of particular interest to us as it allows us to understand the evolution of our own species. They range in size from the mouse lemur at 30 grams (1 ounce) to the mountain gorilla at 200 kilograms (441 pounds). Non-human primates live primarily in the tropical or subtropical regions of South America, Africa, and Asia. The genus of gorillas, chimpanzees is Gorilla and Pan respectively while the genus is absent in monkeys.Order Primates of class Mammalia includes lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans. The family of apes is Hominidae and the family of monkeys is Callitrichidae. Apes of species are around 23 only while species of monkeys are hundreds. Note: Species, Family, and Genus are different in gorillas, chimpanzees, and monkeys. According to comparison of anatomy and genetics, chimpanzees are more related to humans than gorillas. Their skeletal structure is similar to a cat, dog or other four-footed animal. Instead, monkeys run faster on the tops of branches. Monkeys resemble other mammals than apes and humans.įor example, apes and humans can swing from branch to branch but most monkeys can't swing because their shoulder bones have a different structure.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D Order. Primates have flexible limbs and grasping hands that make it easy for them to climb from one tree to another. These are characterized by animals having fingers, highly flexible arms, forward-facing eyes. The apes and monkeys are therefore two kinds of animals but biologically they belong to the same order primates. Therefore, gorillas, chimpanzees, and monkeys show features of Chordata, they are grouped under the phylum Chordata.Ĥ) Gorillas, chimpanzees, and monkeys belong to class Mammalia as they share some characteristics of mammals, which is the presence of mammary glands and giving birth to young ones.ĥ) Gorilla and chimpanzee are also called great apes because they tend to share more similarities with humans and also lack tails while most species of monkeys have a tail. The dorsal nerve cord, post-anal tail are some of the features of Chordata. Phylum Chordata includes characteristics such as the presence of notochord which is an elastic rod that extends between the digestive tube and nerve cord, also called the spinal cord. Therefore, gorillas, chimpanzees, and monkeys belong to the same kingdom Animalia.ģ) The phylum is ranked next to the kingdom. they completely depend on other organisms for a food source and are multicellular organisms. The domain - Eukaryota is defined as organisms having a true nucleus and gorilla, chimpanzee, monkeys have true nucleus therefore they are grouped under the same domain.Ģ) The kingdom Animalia includes all the members which are animals including humans. The taxonomic classification of living organisms consists of the following levels, which are domain, kingdom, phylum, classes, order, families, genus, and species.ġ) The domain is the highest rank of organisms while species is the lowest rank of organisms. Hint: Taxonomy or systematics is the branch of biology that classifies organisms using a hierarchical manner with one or more groups.
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